Atari 2600 (1977)

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ATARI 2600 VCS

I video giochi hanno parecchie ere chiamate età dell’oro, Atari fa parte di ben due età dell’oro in quanto è stata la prima casa di sviluppo games che portò nelle mani di tutto il mondo quello che viene ricordato il primo videogioco della storia, il Pong in versione Cabinet (coin-hoop), con il quale si scaturì la corsa al videogioco… correva l’anno 1972, per ben 5 anni il Pong venne copiato in molteplici versioni per casa da collegare al televisore come il momento ludico di famiglia, erano tutte console mono gioco, ma l’Atari intanto progettava la sua ascesa…

[/vc_column_text][special_heading title=”11 Settembre 1977″ subtitle=”L’Atari si conferma leader” margin_bottom=”15″][vc_column_text]l’Atari annunciò la sua console per famiglie, l’Atari VCS (acronimo di Video Computer System) che successivamente cambiò in Atari 2600.
L’Atari compì una seconda evoluzione, una cosa a cui nessuno aveva mai pensato prima di allora, progettò una console piccola, bella da vedere e con le CARTUCCE, tanti giochi intercambiabili come oggi facciamo con i Dischi BlueRay della PS4.

La console era dotata ben 128 byte di memoria RAM (Random Access Memory) con una scheda video a 128 colori! nel 1977 era praticamente arrivata da furo altro che Martin Mc Fly, basta pensare che oggi la più avanzata console tra PS4 e XBOX one montano 8GigaByte di memoria RAM con HDR Color in 4K, ma nonostante ciò l’Atari 2600 rimase in commercio fino al 1991 entrando così nel guinnes dei primati come la console più longeva della storia, ne vennero venduti 30 milioni di esemplari e chi come me ne ha posseduta una, gli è rimasta nel cuore.

Atari 2600, entrata a far parte del museo del videogioco a Berlino è stata riprodotta con la scritta FLASHBACK nel 2017 per tutti i nostalgici e i giovani che non l’hanno mai vissuta, se sei un gamer o semplicemente ti piace giocare con le console questo gioiello non può mancare a casa tua.[/vc_column_text][vc_text_separator title=”CURIOSITA'” color=”sky”][vc_column_text]Una curiosità, nel 1976 Steve Jobs fondatore di Apple era un semplice dipendente dell’ Atari e assieme al suo amico Wozniac riprogettarono il gioco conosciuto come Brakout.

Breakout è stato ideato da Nolan Bushnell e Steve Bristow (rientrato in Atari dopo la sua permanenza nella controllata Kee Games). Bushnell, dopo il successo di Pong (1972), voleva realizzare un gioco simile ma utilizzabile da un solo giocatore. Al Alcorn, messo a capo del progetto, cominciò lo sviluppo nel 1975 insieme alla Cyan Engineering. Nello stesso tempo Bushnell chiese a Steve Jobs, all’epoca un dipendente Atari, di migliorare il prototipo dell’hardware: tempo prima, infatti, Jobs aveva mostrato a Bushnell una versione più compatta della scheda del gioco Pong, realizzata da Steve Wozniak, contenente solo 30 integrati. Bushnell offrì a Jobs 750$ per il lavoro di riduzione degli integrati con la promessa di elargire un bonus di 100$ per ogni chip utilizzato in meno rispetto agli schemi originali.

Jobs chiese al suo amico Steve Wozniak, all’epoca impiegato alla Hewlett-Packard, di aiutarlo con il compito promettendogli metà del compenso a lavoro finito. Wozniak non aveva nessuno schema in mano e progettò il suo prototipo basandosi solo sulle informazioni fornite da Jobs. Anche se Atari non aveva dato nessuna scadenza, Jobs disse a Wozniak che il progetto doveva essere consegnato in 4 giorni: per rispettare l’impegno, Wozniak fu costretto a lavorare ininterrottamente giorno e notte, senza neanche dormire. Il risultato fu una scheda composta da più di 50 integrati in meno rispetto alla scheda progettata da Atari: questo risultato fruttò a Jobs un compenso extra di 5.000$. Tuttavia Jobs divise solamente la cifra iniziale con l’amico, non facendo menzione del bonus ricevuto. A Wozniak, infatti, Jobs aveva detto che avrebbero ricevuto 700$ per una scheda con meno di 50 integrati e 1000$ per una scheda con meno di 40 integrati.

Il prototipo di Wozniak non venne comunque utilizzato per la produzione in serie. Questi, nel suo processo di riduzione degli integrati, aveva utilizzato solo 44 chip TTL (anche se uno dei primi ne impiegava solo 42).
Secondo lo stesso Wozniak, gli ingegneri di Atari non usarono la sua scheda perché troppo complessa da modificare e produrre, per cui rielaborarono in proprio il circuito, semplificandolo: il risultato fu una scheda con poco meno di 100 integrati TTL ma più facile da produrre, mantenendo comunque inalterato il gioco in sé.[/vc_column_text][/vc_column_inner][/vc_row_inner][/vc_column][/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column width=”1/4″][/vc_column][vc_column width=”3/4″][vc_column_text][table id=1 /][/vc_column_text][/vc_column][/vc_row]

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